Technology acceptance model for internet banking: an invariance analysis

The technology acceptance model (TAM) has been applied in different contexts to investigate a wide range of information technologies (IT), and a cumulative tradition has already been developed in this stream of research. Most TAM studies have been empirical investigations, using the survey approach with great success. TAM is a mature model and has been validated in different contexts. However, it still needs to be empirically investigated for its invariance across different respondent subgroups in order to make sure that different sample profiles would not have a negative effect on the findings. Unfortunately, this has not happened in most TAM research. Here, we applied different levels of invariance analysis on the TAM construct in the context of Internet banking acceptance. We concluded that the TAM construct was invariant for our sample across different gender, age, and IT competence subgroups. These findings suggested that male and female, old and young, IT expert and novice, conceptualized the TAM construct in very similar ways. These findings allowed us to understand TAMs validity in technology acceptance research. # 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.